Biography

Xenophon was born in Athens and was a follower of Socrates, but his early inclination was for a more active life. As a result, he joined the Greek Army of Ten Thousand.  

After their defeat at the battle of Cunaxa of 401 BC, the army was forced to retreat through hostile country. As their own generals were killed, Xenophon was voted as one of the leaders and despite continual attacks, he led the army to safety.  

After fighting with the Spartans against his native city, he was exiled by Athens. However, because of his military achievements he was granted an estate at Scillus, where he spent many years writing.  

His most prominent book Cyropaedia (The Education of Cyrus) was a summary of his literary activities and of his life as a great conqueror. It described in detail the organisation of an army, including training, horsemanship, the care and management of the troops, and leadership. The fair proportional distribution of spoils was a core detail.

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